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INDICATOR
pair containing two variants of each of many distinct genes. Each distinct
gene chiefly controls the production of specific proteins, which in turn
affects the traits of the individual. Changes (mutations) to genes can
result in changes to proteins, which can affect the structures and
functions of the organism and thereby change traits. (MS-LS3-1)
LIFE SCIENCE
STRAND LS3.A:1. Genes are located in the chromosomes of cells, with each chromosome
NGSS.MS-LS.
TITLE MS-LS3. Heredity: Inheritance and Variation of Traits - Students who demonstrate
understanding can:
PERFORMANCE EXPECTATION / FOUNDATION MS-LS3.CC. Crosscutting Concepts
ELEMENT MS-LS3.CC.2. Structure and Function
INDICATOR MS-LS3.CC.2.1. Complex and microscopic structures and systems can be visualized,
High School (Grade 9)
modeled, and used to describe how their function depends on the
States: Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS Comprehensive)
shapes, composition, and relationships among its parts, therefore
complex natural and designed structures/systems can be analyzed to
Genetics: The Study of Heredity
determine how they function. (MS-LS3-1)
Grade: 9 - Adopted 2013
STRAND NGSS.HS-LS. LIFE SCIENCE
TITLE HS-LS1. From Molecules to Organisms: Structures and Processes - Students who
demonstrate understanding can:
PERFORMANCE EXPECTATION / FOUNDATION HS-LS1-1. Construct an explanation based on evidence for how the structure of DNA
determines the structure of proteins which carry out the essential
functions of life through systems of specialized cells.
STRAND NGSS.HS-LS. LIFE SCIENCE
TITLE HS-LS1. From Molecules to Organisms: Structures and Processes - Students who
demonstrate understanding can:
PERFORMANCE EXPECTATION / FOUNDATION HS-LS1.DCI. Disciplinary Core Ideas
ELEMENT LS1.A: Structure and Function
INDICATOR LS1.A:2. All cells contain genetic information in the form of DNA molecules. Genes
are regions in the DNA that contain the instructions that code for the
formation of proteins, which carry out most of the work of cells. (HS-LS1-
1) (Note: This Disciplinary Core Idea is also addressed by HS-LS3-1.)

STRAND NGSS.HS-LS. LIFE SCIENCE
TITLE HS-LS3. Heredity: Inheritance and Variation of Traits - Students who demonstrate
understanding can:
PERFORMANCE EXPECTATION / FOUNDATION HS-LS3-1. Ask questions to clarify relationships about the role of DNA and
chromosomes in coding the instructions for characteristic traits passed
from parents to offspring.
PERFORMANCE EXPECTATION / FOUNDATION HS-LS3-3. Apply concepts of statistics and probability to explain the variation and
distribution of expressed traits in a population.
STRAND NGSS.HS-LS. LIFE SCIENCE
TITLE HS-LS3. Heredity: Inheritance and Variation of Traits - Students who demonstrate
understanding can:
PERFORMANCE EXPECTATION / FOUNDATION HS-LS3.SEP. Science and Engineering Practices
ELEMENT HS-LS3.SEP.2. Analyzing and Interpreting Data - Analyzing data in 9-12 builds on K-8
experiences and progresses to introducing more detailed statistical
analysis, the comparison of data sets for consistency, and the use of
models to generate and analyze data.
INDICATOR HS-LS3.SEP.2.1. Apply concepts of statistics and probability (including determining function
fits to data, slope, intercept, and correlation coefficient for linear fits) to
scientific and engineering questions and problems, using digital tools
when feasible. (HS-LS3-3)
STRAND NGSS.HS-LS. LIFE SCIENCE
TITLE HS-LS3. Heredity: Inheritance and Variation of Traits - Students who demonstrate
understanding can:

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